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transmits a new idea. "
[句子主干]Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down…, like a …, considering them as…, in which a…”
[语法难点]有省略。1）like…分句是省略了who 的主语从句中的分句，considering…分句是现在分词引导的状语从句。这个状语从句可以拿到句首，也可以在句尾。一般来说较长的状语从句置于句尾，较短的置于句首，为的是使句子看上去显得简洁一些。
2）like分句中出现了比较多的省略，补全以后是who like a poet who is among the letters…。英语中的从句之所以是难点就是因为大量地省略引导词。
[句子翻译]罗博特·富尔顿曾经写道，机械工将坐在杠杆、螺丝、楔、轮子等周围，像诗人对待字母表中的每个字母一样，把它们作为自己的思路展示，每一个新组合都传送一个新概念。
[翻译技巧]如果严格地翻译，like分句应该译为“像对待字母表中字母的诗人一样”，原因是这个从句修饰的是机械工，应该用诗人来对应，但这样一来，就不符合汉语的表达习惯了。
4．Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating.
[句子主干]Some of these causes are reasonable results…, Others are consequences of advances…
[语法难点]主语是some of these causes，实际的主语就是some，不过谓语是单数还是复数则取决于of后面的成分是单数还是复数。being to…是定语从句的分句结构，意为“属于”。
[句子翻译]在这些原因中，有些完全是自然而然地来自社会需求，另一些则是由于科学在一定程度上自我加速而产生的某些特定发展的必然结果。
[翻译技巧]这个翻译比较简单，注意being to的翻译即可。
5．This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.
[句子主干]This trend began during …, when…,that…
[语法难点]1）有套和从句。这个句子实际上是This trend began.其余的成分都是在起修饰和限定作用。在分析长难句时一定要注意找出句子的主干，关键是确定句子的主语和谓语，只有这样才不会被众多的修饰成分所迷惑。
2）When引导的是时间状语从句。第一个that引导的是修饰conclusion的定语从句，第二个that引导的是修饰demands的定语从句，wants前省略了which，是引导的修饰a government的主语从句。
[句子翻译]这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间，当时一些国家的政府下了结论，认为：政府向科研机构提出的具体要求通常是无法详尽预见的。
[翻译技巧]此句中短语较多。
come to the conclusion形成某种结论/make of提出/in detail详细地
6．This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.
[句子主干]This seems …done by supporting a certain amount of research not…but…
[语法难点]注意not…but句型，意为“不是……而是……”
[句子翻译]给某些与当前目标无关但将来可能产生影响的科研提供支持，看来通常能有效地解决这一问题。
[翻译技巧]严格说来，not…but结构应译为“不是……而是……”，但这样就显得罗嗦，所 以译为“与……无关”，但（另一些有关）。a amount of指“数量达到……”。be related to指“与……有关”。
7．However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world's more fascination and delightful aspects.
[句子主干]However, the world is so made that…systems are …unable to deal with some of the …aspects
[语法难点]so made指“如此构成”，so和后面的that构成so…that结构，上一页 [1] [2] [3] 下一页 |
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